Diagnostic concordance between BioFire® FilmArray® Pneumonia Panel and culture in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to intensive care units: the experience of the third wave in eight hospitals in Colombia.

BACKGROUND: The detection of coinfections is important to initiate appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Molecular diagnostic testing identifies pathogens at a greater rate than conventional microbiology. We assessed both bacterial coinfections identified via culture or the BioFire® FilmArray® Pneumonia Panel (FA-PNEU) in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the ICU and the concordance between these techniques. METHODS: This was a prospective study of patients with SARS-CoV-2 who were hospitalized for no more than 48 h and on mechanical ventilation for no longer than 24 h in 8 ICUs in Medellín, Colombia. We studied mini-bronchoalveolar lavage or endotracheal aspirate samples processed via conventional culture and the FA-PNEU. Coinfection was defined as the identification of a respiratory pathogen using the FA-PNEU or cultures. Serum samples of leukocytes, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin were taken on the first day of intubation. We analyzed the empirical antibiotics and the changes in antibiotic management according to the results of the FA-PNEUM and cultures. RESULTS: Of 110 patients whose samples underwent both methods, FA-PNEU- and culture-positive samples comprised 24.54% versus 17.27%, respectively. Eighteen samples were positive in both techniques, 82 were negative, 1 was culture-positive with a negative FA-PNEU result, and 9 were FA-PNEU-positive with negative culture. The two bacteria most frequently detected by the FA-PNEU were Staphylococcus aureus (37.5%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (20%), and those detected by culture were Staphylococcus aureus (34.78%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.08%). The overall concordance was 90.1%, and when stratified by microorganism, it was between 92.7 and 100%. The positive predictive value (PPV) was between 50 and 100% and were lower for Enterobacter cloacae and Staphylococcus aureus. The negative predictive value (NPV) was high (between 99.1 and 100%); MecA/C/MREJ had a specificity of 94.55% and an NPV of 100%. The inflammatory response tests showed no significant differences between patients whose samples were positive and negative for both techniques. Sixty-one patients (55.45%) received at least one dose of empirical antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: The overall concordance was 90.1%, and it was between 92.7% and 100% when stratified by microorganisms. The positive predictive value was between 50 and 100%, with a very high NPV.

Unexpected or Nonsuspected?: A Rare Cause of Recovered Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction After ECMO.

Acute heart failure represents a challenge, especially in infrequent etiologies. We present the clinical case of a young woman diagnosed with acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Pheocromocytoma was identified as a reversible etiology. The surgical treatment led to a complete recovery of cardiac function. (Level of Difficulty: Beginner.).

Manifestaciones inusuales del feocromocitoma: Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura / Unusual manifestations of phaeochromocytoma: A case report and a review of the literature

El feocromocitoma es un tumor de baja prevalencia que se origina en las células cromafines de la médula de las glándulas suprarrenales. Estos tumores como el tejido simpático normal se originan del neuroectodermo. La tríada clásica de presentación clínica es: hipertensión que puede ser persistente, paroxística o fluctuante, cefalea grave pulsátil acompañada de náuseas y/o vómito y palpitaciones con taquicardia o bradicardia refleja; pero también se pueden presentar un gran número de síntomas debido al exceso de catecolaminas plasmáticas, llegando incluso a producir un síndrome coronario agudo. Su diagnóstico se realiza por medio de la clínica (para la cual se requiere un alto grado de sospecha), el laboratorio y la imagenología. El tratamiento de elección es la resección quirúrgica del tumor por laparoscopia o cirugía abierta.

A phaeochromocytoma is a tumour of low prevalence that originates in the chromaffin cells of the medulla of the adrenal glands. These tumours, like normal sympathetic tissue, originate from neuroectoderm. The classic triad of clinical findings are: hypertension that can be persistent, paroxysmal or fluctuating, severe throbbing headache accompanied by nausea and/or vomiting, and palpitations with tachycardia or reflex bradycardia. It can also present with a myriad of symptoms due to the excess of plasma catecholamines, even producing an acute coronary syndrome. Diagnosis is made through the clinical (for which requires a high degree of suspicion), laboratory, and imaging findings. The treatment is surgical resection of the tumour by laparoscopy or open surgery.

Estesioneuroblastoma con extensión intracraneal: presentación de caso / Esthesioneuroblastoma with Intracranial Extension: case report

El estesioneuroblastoma es una neoplasia maligna infrecuente, cuyo origen es el epitelio olfatorio. Raras veces se presenta como una masa intracraneal en el lóbulo frontal, con comunicación a través de la lámina cribosa. El ENB puede clasificarse anatómicamente con la evaluación radiológica, utilizando el sistema de estadificación Kadish, y de manera histológica mediante el uso de criterios de Hyams. La clasificación de Hyams ha demostrado ser un importante factor para determinar el pronóstico de recurrencia, así como el de sobrevida. En cuanto al tratamiento, la cirugía es, ampliamente, el medio terapéutico más utilizado, en combinación con radioterapia. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 62 años, remitido hace siete meses por episodios de epistaxis profusa. El estudio de imaginología y patología evidencia la presencia de estesioneuroblastoma estadio C de Kadish y clasificación histológica de Hyams grado II, respectivamente...

Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare malignancy whose origin is in the olfactory epithelium. It rarely presents as an intracranial mass in the frontal lobe, with communication through the cribriform plate. The ENB can be classified anatomically with the radiological assessment using Kadish staging system and histologically by using Hyams criteria. The Hyams classification has shown to be an important factor in determining the prognosis of recurrence and survival. For the treatment, surgery is the more widely used therapeutic approach in combination with radiotherapy. We report a case of 62 years old patient, submitted 7 months ago by episodes of profuse epistaxis. The study of imaging and pathology, evidence the presence of Kadish stage C and histological classification Hyams grade II esthesioneuroblastoma...